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Lithuanian Activist Front
Lithuanian Activist Front or LAF ((リトアニア語:Lietuvos Aktyvistų Frontas)) was a short-lived resistance organization established in 1940 after Lithuania was occupied by the Soviet Union. The goal of the organization was to liberate Lithuania and re-establish its independence. It planned and executed the June Uprising and established the short-lived Provisional Government of Lithuania. The Government self-disbanded and LAF was banned by Nazi authorities in September 1941. LAF remains rather controversial due to its anti-Semitic and anti-Polish views.
== Under the USSR ==
LAF was established on 17 November 1940.〔Tadeusz Piotrowski, ''Poland's Holocaust'', McFarland & Company, 1997, ISBN 0-7864-0371-3, (Google Print, pp. 163-168 )〕 Kazys Škirpa, former Lithuanian military attaché to Germany, is often credited as the founder.〔 LAF was meant to unite people of various political beliefs, who wanted to see Lithuania as an independent country, rather than as part of the Soviet Union or Nazi Germany. The Berlin unit, formed by Kazys Škirpa, united mainly former Lithuanian expatriates and diplomats in Germany. It gathered representatives of most major pre-war Lithuanian factions and parties, and within LAF, the most influential were the Nationalist Unionists and the Christian Democrats.〔
As time passed, local LAF units were formed in various Lithuanian cities. The local LAF units were organizing espionage networks.〔 The local LAF units in Lithuanian cities maintained more liberal political views than the Berlin headquarters. Lack of correspondence between the Berlin unit and Lithuanian units prevented discussions of ideology. In Germany, LAF had contact with Wilhelm Franz Canaris and Abwehr, but not the Nazi party. LAF expected that Nazi Germany would attack the Soviet Union and planned to use this occasion for their own rebellion and establishment of independent Lithuania.
On 22 April 1941, representatives of Vilnius and Kaunas branches of LAF formed the Provisional Government of Lithuania, i.e. established a list of its members.〔(Sigitas Jegelevičius. ''1941 m. Lietuvos laikinosios vyriausybės atsiradimo aplinkybės'' (Circumstances of establishing provisional government of Lithuania in 1941), Voruta, No. 11 (557), June 11, 2004 )〕 LAF formed the Lithuanian underground government planning to take over the country when the Soviet army would be pushed out by the German army. The Provisional Government was mainly formed out of Vilnius and Kaunas sections of LAF. However, two of its members, including the prime minister Kazys Škirpa, were in Germany and were later detained there. Over time, many people from this government, as well as other LAF members, were arrested, executed, or exiled by Soviet authorities.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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